Japanese site:
日本アンコンシャス・バイアス研究会: アメリカ心理学会のデータベースで調べてみた (bias-research.blogspot.com)
Using APA PsycNet database, the above words are the search queries for peer-reviewed journal articles since 1950 to 2023.
According to Banaji and Greenwald,
"A quarter century ago, the word "unconscious" -having fallen out of favor in scientific psychology earlier in the twentieth century - was barely to be found in the scientific journals that we read and in which we published our research. (...) the term "unconscious cognition" (...) was surpassed in the 1990s by the related term "implicit cognition"."
Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People
You’ll see in the figure above that the use of “unconscious” has remained relatively low compared to “implicit,” which began to surpass “unconscious” in the 1990s.
It is also evident that “implicit bias” is used more frequently than “unconscious bias.”
So, are the terms “implicit bias” and “unconscious bias” used in the same way?
In conclusion, they are used in the same way.
A search of PsycArticles for peer-reviewed papers using “unconscious bias” since 1950 confirmed that “unconscious bias” is used in the same sense as “implicit bias.” Academically, the use of “unconscious bias” is in the minority, and when it is used, it is understood to mean “implicit bias.”
Although scientific psychologists prefer to use the term “implicit” rather than “unconscious,” the two terms have been used almost synonymously. However, a decisive event solidified the prominence of “implicit.” This was the publication of papers by Greenwald and Banaji in 1995 and by Greenwald et al. in 1998. These papers had a significant impact, with over 10,000 and 17,000 citations respectively as of August 17, 2024.
Since then, it can be considered that, as seen in data from the American Psychological Association, the number of papers using “implicit” has surpassed those using “unconscious.”
Just for your reference, the reason of "unconscious -having fallen out of favor in scientific psychology earlier in the twentieth century" is:
"in part a reaction against the great popularity of Sigmund Freud and psychoanalytic theory and in part also a reflection of American behaviorists' eschewal of both conscious and unconscious mentality in much of the 20th century"
2017_Greenwald_AP.pdf (harvard.edu)
The more specific factor behind the backlash of popularity was Freud's arguments had detached as they have remained from scientific varification.
"Then it have a greatly reduced impact on scientific understanding of unconsdious mental life." Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People
In summary, scientific psychologists have been using “implicit” over time. “Implicit bias” and “unconscious bias” have the same meaning, and this has been verified through the APA database.
https://banaji.sites.fas.harvard.edu/research/publications/articles/2017_Greenwald_AP.pdf
Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People
https://faculty.washington.edu/agg/pdf/Greenwald_Banaji_PsychRev_1995.OCR.pdf
https://faculty.washington.edu/agg/pdf/Gwald_McGh_Schw_JPSP_1998.OCR.pdf
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